The Awami League party has announced national demonstrations through November 30 in Bangladesh.

Former Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina was sentenced to death on November 17, 2025, by the International Crimes Tribunal in Bangladesh (ICT-BD) for crimes against humanity. The verdict was delivered in absentia, convicting her for ordering and enabling a brutal crackdown on a student-led uprising in July–August 2024, which led to around 1,400 deaths and thousands of injuries. The charges include the use of live ammunition, helicopter and drone attacks on largely unarmed protesters, and failing to prevent or punish widespread abuses by security forces. Hasina, currently living in exile in India, has rejected the verdict, calling it politically motivated and part of a conspiracy by the interim government led by Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus to eliminate her political influence. The Awami League, Hasina’s party, has denounced the tribunal verdict as illegal and farcical and announced nationwide agitations and resistance marches lasting until November 30, 2025. This political upheaval follows Hasina’s government’s fall after the 2024 student uprising and Yunus’s appointment as interim chief adviser at the protesters’ request.​

Bangladesh’s problem is made worse by a flawed verdict.

“Sheikh Hasina, the former Prime Minister of Bangladesh, has been sentenced to death by the International Crimes Tribunal for crimes against humanity related to her brutal crackdown on student protests in 2024, which resulted in up to 1,400 deaths and thousands injured. The trial was conducted in absentia while Hasina was in self-imposed exile in India. The tribunal found that she played a key role in directing extrajudicial killings and violent suppression, though her legal team and international human rights organizations have criticized the trial for serious legal and procedural flaws, including denial of a fair defense and political motivation. The verdict has led to significant political unrest and international concern, with Hasina’s party continuing to oppose the judgment and demand her return to Bangladesh’s political scene. The death sentence’s implementation remains uncertain due to her exile and lack of extradition from India.”

Amnesty International takes a firm stance against the ICT ruling as the US and UK remain silent on Hasina’s death sentence.

“On 17 November 2025, Bangladesh’s International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) sentenced former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina to death in absentia for crimes against humanity related to the violent crackdown on a student-led uprising in July–August 2024, which resulted in the deaths of up to 1,400 people and thousands injured. The tribunal found Hasina guilty of ordering and enabling the use of live ammunition, drones, and helicopters on largely unarmed protesters and failing to punish security forces for widespread abuses. Former Home Minister Asaduzzaman Khan Kamal was also sentenced to death, while a former police chief received a prison term after cooperating with prosecutors. Hasina, who has been living in exile in India since August 2024, rejected the verdict as politically motivated.”

“Amnesty International condemned the death sentence as unfair and unjust, emphasizing that the death penalty compounds human rights violations and has no place in any justice process. The US and UK remained silent on the verdict, despite earlier vocal concerns about human rights in Bangladesh. India’s statement acknowledged the verdict but refrained from condemnation, affirming a commitment to peace, democracy, and stability in Bangladesh.”​

Former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina was sentenced to death by Bangladesh’s ICT for a crime against humanity.

Bangladesh’s International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) sentenced former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina to death on Monday, November 17, 2025, for crimes against humanity linked to the violent crackdown on the July–August 2024 protests. The tribunal held Hasina responsible for preventing justice, ordering killings, and failing to stop punitive violence against demonstrators. Evidence showed she authorized the use of helicopters and lethal weapons on protesters and oversaw the denial of medical assistance to injured demonstrators. Former Home Minister Asaduzzaman Khan Kamal was also sentenced to death, while former Inspector General of Police Chowdhury Abdullah Al-Mamun turned state witness and was spared the death penalty. This verdict marks the first time a former Bangladeshi premier has been sentenced to death by the ICT, escalating national political tensions and prompting heavy security deployments in Dhaka. Hasina, currently in self-imposed exile in India, has dismissed the trial as politically motivated.

Islamism’s ascent in Bangladesh

In November 2025, the interim government of Bangladesh led by Dr. Muhammad Yunus scrapped its plan to recruit music and physical education teachers for government primary schools after fierce opposition from Islamist groups. Music had been part of the curriculum since Bangladesh’s independence but was labeled “un-Islamic” by groups like Jamaat-e-Islami and Hefazat-e-Islam. These groups demanded religious teachers instead, arguing music and dance were detrimental to children’s character.

The Ministry of Primary and Mass Education amended recruitment rules, removing the newly created posts for music and physical education teachers. Officials cited administrative and budgetary challenges but many see the decision as a capitulation to hardline Islamist pressure. The reversal triggered protests by students, cultural activists, and educators, who view it as a blow to Bangladesh’s secular and creative traditions. Universities including Dhaka University and Jagannath University witnessed demonstrations demanding reinstatement of the teaching positions.

This move reflects the growing influence of Islamic fundamentalism in Bangladesh under the Yunus-led administration, signaling a shift away from the country’s historically pluralistic and secular cultural identity.​

Despite Sheikh Hasina’s refusal to attack the US, Bangladesh NSA Khalilur Rahman is scheduled to arrive in Delhi on November 19.

Bangladesh’s National Security Adviser Khalilur Rahman will visit New Delhi on November 19 at the invitation of India’s NSA Ajit Doval to attend the seventh Colombo Security Conclave. His visit comes amid political uncertainty in Bangladesh following Sheikh Hasina’s ouster in August 2024. The discussions are expected to cover regional security cooperation, political developments in Dhaka, and India’s concerns over Pakistan’s growing military engagement with Bangladesh. Rahman’s past initiatives on the Rohingya humanitarian corridor and tensions with the Bangladeshi military are also likely to feature during his meetings.

On November 17, a Bangladeshi tribunal will render a decision against former prime minister Sheikh Hasina.

“Bangladesh’s International Crimes Tribunal (ICT-BD) has announced it will deliver the verdict against ousted Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and two former top aides on Monday, November 17, 2025. The case pertains to alleged crimes against humanity committed during the July 2024 mass uprising, which led to widespread violence and political unrest ending the Awami League government in August 2024.

Hasina, 78, along with former home minister Asaduzzaman Khan Kamal, were tried in absentia and declared fugitives, while former police chief Chowdhury Abdullah Al-Mamun appeared in person and later became a state witness. The tribunal concluded its hearings on October 23 after 28 working days and testimony from 54 witnesses.

The charges against Hasina include ordering a deadly crackdown, mass killings, use of lethal weapons against protesters, and inflammatory remarks during the protests. Chief prosecutor Mohammad Tajul Islam has demanded the death penalty, alleging Hasina was the mastermind behind these crimes. Security has been significantly tightened in Dhaka ahead of the verdict amid political tensions and calls for protests by the Awami League.”

Upgrading a Bangladeshi airbase close to India’s “Chicken’s Neck” in defiance of the May 26 pledge

“Bangladesh’s defence forces stand in violation of their own promise to not use the Lalmonirhat airfield for “military purposes”, a commitment that was made by the then Brigadier General Nazim-ud-Daula in a press conference on May 26, 2025. The brigadier was promoted to major general rank on September 1 and has since been serving as General Officer Commanding (GOC), 33rd Infantry Division and Area Commander, Comilla.

Replying to an unstarred question in the Lok Sabha on August 8, Minister of State for External Affairs Kirti Vardhan Singh said categorically that ‘The Government of India has noted reports concerning the Lalmonirhat airbase in Bangladesh’.

The minister went on to state that it also ‘noted a press briefing on 26 May 2025 by the Director of Military Operations of Bangladesh Army, in which it has been stated that there are no plans at present for the Lalmonirhat airfield to be used for military purposes. The Government of India continues to monitor all developments having a bearing on national security and takes all necessary measures to safeguard it’.

However, as recently as October 19, Northeast News brought to light the construction of a massive hangar at Lalmonirhat airbase which is just about 16 kms from India’s sensitive ‘Chicken’s Neck’ or the Siliguri Corridor in North Bengal.

Subsequently, reports emerged that the Bangladesh armed forces were also planning to install a new radar unit as part of an air defence system at Lalmonirhat airbase.

While Dhaka-based security sources revealed that the ‘upgraded’ Lalmonirhat airbase could act as a site for missile launches close to the India-Bangladesh international border, there are reports that Bangladesh’s Army Aviation Group had larger plans to use the airfield as a new base for military-grade drones procured from Turkey and China.

There is no independent confirmation to suggest that India has officially protested the Bangladesh military authorities’ unilateral move to upgrade Lalmonirhat airbase.

Despite the visit of the Indian Military Intelligence team, work on the hangar continued. On November 6, the hangar’s roof and bay walls had been placed. Besides, equipment for the new radar system, including a wide-bodied antenna, has already been transported inside the airbase.

The Bangladesh armed forces’ hurry to upgrade the two old airbases led the Indian Army to quickly identify land and establish three new battalion-strong garrisons at Chopra in North Dinajpur in West Bengal, Bamuni in Dhubri district of Assam, and Kishanganj near the ‘Chicken’s Neck’ in Bihar.”​

On November 3, which cargo did Antonov-124 aircraft unload at the airport in Dhaka?

An Antonov An-124 cargo aircraft (registration UR-82027) attracted attention after making a prolonged stopover of nearly 12 hours at Dhaka’s Hazrat Shah Jalal International Airport on November 3. The Ukrainian-registered plane, designated flight ADB341F, had earlier departed from Baku in Azerbaijan and later flew to Hong Kong after its stay in Dhaka. Flight tracking data confirmed it as a non-military cargo transporter. Its flight path included trajectories over the Persian Gulf—where the US Navy’s Fifth Fleet operates—and across western and eastern India before reaching Bangladesh. Earlier in April 2025, the same aircraft reportedly transported fuselages of a US F-16 variant to Poland’s Rzeszów, a logistics hub linked to Ukraine-bound military supplies.

Tremors in the political landscape of Bangladesh

Bangladesh is witnessing deepening chaos under the Yunus regime, marked by public frustration, institutional decay, and political repression. Increasing reports of violence against imprisoned Awami League members have heightened tension. As the judiciary considers reversing the 2011 abolition of the caretaker government system, a shift in power appears possible. Restoration of that system could end Yunus’s authority and pave the way for a neutral interim government to restore rule of law and hold credible elections. Meanwhile, economic distress, job losses, and crude governance rhetoric have compounded the crisis, drawing parallels with the country’s turbulent political scenario of 2007.